There may be hope for thousands of couples struggling to conceive worldwide after scientists successfully created human sperm from skin cells.
It builds on previous research that used skin cells to create mice sperm in a lab, and the medical feat could eventually lead to a treatment for infertility.
The researchers said they were working to find a solution for the roughly 15 per cent of couples worldwide who are unable to have children and whose only option is to use donated sperm or eggs.
Scientists in Spain on Wednesday they had created human sperm from skin cells, a medical feat which could eventually lead to a treatment for infertility. The researchers said they were working to find a solution for the roughly 15 per cent of couples worldwide who are unable to have children. Stock image
'What to do when someone who wants to have a child lacks gametes (eggs or sperm)?' asked Carlos Simon, the scientific director of the Valencian Infertility Institute, Spain's first medical institution fully dedicated to assisted reproduction.
'This is the problem we want to address: to be able to create gametes in people who do not have them.'
The result of their research, which was carried out with Stanford University in the United States, was published Tuesday in Scientific Reports, the online journal of Nature.
They were inspired by the work of Japan's Shinya Yamanaka and Britain's John Gordon who in 2012 shared a Nobel prize for the discovery that adult cells can be transformed back into embryo-like stem cells.
Simon and his team managed to reprogramme mature skin cells by introducing a cocktail of genes needed to create gametes.
Simon and his team managed to reprogramme mature skin cells by introducing a cocktail of genes needed to create gametes. Within a month the skin cell was transformed to become a germ cell, which can develop into sperm or an egg, but it did not have the ability to fertilise, they found. Stock image
It is a step further than that reached by Chinese researchers who earlier this year announced they had created mice from artificial sperm. Stock image. The creation of sperm in the body is so complex and lengthy that it had been thought impossible to recreate in a dish
Within a month the skin cell was transformed to become a germ cell, which can develop into sperm or an egg, but it did not have the ability to fertilise, they found.
'This is a sperm but it needs a further maturation phase to become a gamete. This is just the beginning,' Simon said.
Around one in seven couples has trouble conceiving, and although infertility is traditionally considered a female issue, the problem is as likely to lie with the man as the woman.
And while IVF can help some men, many are told that nothing that can be done.
The creation of sperm in the body is so complex and lengthy that it had been thought impossible to recreate in a dish.
Earlier this year, a team at Nanjing Medical University team not only succeeded in making mouse sperm in the lab – they used it to fertilise eggs, which led to the birth of baby mice.
Importantly, these pups were healthy and went on to have young of their own, the journal Cell Stem Cell reports.
'With the human species we must do much more testing because we are talking about the birth of child,' Simon said.
The researchers also must take into account legal constraints since the technique involves the creation of artificial embryos which right now is only allowed in some countries.
'We are talking about a long process,' Simon said.
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